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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Mycena galopus ： ウィキペディア英語版 Mycena galopus ''Mycena galopus'', commonly known as the milking bonnet or the milk-drop Mycena, is an inedible species of fungus in the Mycenaceae family of the Agaricales order. It produces small mushrooms that have grayish-brown, bell-shaped, radially-grooved caps up to wide. The gills are whitish to gray, widely spaced, and squarely attached to the stem. The slender stems are up to long, and pale gray at the top, becoming almost black at the hairy base. The stem will ooze a whitish latex if it is injured or broken. The variety ''nigra'' has a dark gray cap, while the variety ''candida'' is white. All varieties of the mushroom occur during summer and autumn on leaf litter in coniferous and deciduous woodland. ''Mycena galopus'' is found in North America and Europe. The saprobic fungus is an important leaf litter decomposer, and able to utilize all the major constituents of plant litter. It is especially adept at attacking cellulose and lignin, the latter of which is the second most abundant renewable organic compound in the biosphere. The mushroom latex contains chemicals called benzoxepines, which are thought to play a role in a wound-activated chemical defense mechanism against yeasts and parasitic fungi. ==Taxonomy== The mushroom was first described as ''Agaricus galopus'' by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1800,〔 and later transferred to the genus ''Mycena'' by Paul Kummer in 1871.〔 An Australian taxon formerly considered a variety, ''Mycena galopus'' var. ''mellea'', was raised to species level and renamed ''M. thunderboltensis'' in 1998.〔 The variety ''candida'' was described by Jakob Emanuel Lange in 1914 based on specimens he found in Denmark;〔 variety ''nigra'' was named by Carleton Rea in 1922.〔 ''Mycena galopoda'' is an orthographical variant spelling.〔 The specific epithet ''galopus'' is derived from the Greek γαλα "milk", and πονς "foot".〔 The mushroom is commonly known as the "milking bonnet",〔 or the "milk-drop Mycena".〔 The varieties ''candida'' and ''nigra'' are the white and black milking bonnets, respectively.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mycena galopus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.